Football History

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Football Archaeology takes a snap shot look at the first time plastic helmets were introduced to live football games, and a bit on their creator, John Riddell.

The year 1940 marked a significant milestone in the evolution of American football, particularly with the Northwestern Wildcats facing off against the Syracuse Orangemen in a historic game that would forever change the sport. What set this matchup apart wasn't just the clash between two formidable teams, but the introduction of a revolutionary innovation: plastic helmets. This game, held on October 5th, became the first-ever instance in college football where both competing teams donned these newly developed protective headgear.

Prior to the adoption of plastic helmets, football players relied on leather headgear that offered limited protection against the physical rigors of the game. The innovation of plastic helmets, however, represented a leap forward in player safety and comfort. Spearheaded by Riddell, the company responsible for this groundbreaking advancement, the plastic helmets featured a hard outer shell that provided better impact absorption and reduced the risk of head injuries.

In the context of the 1940 Northwestern at Syracuse game, the debut of plastic helmets symbolized more than just a technological upgrade. It underscored a growing awareness within the football community about the importance of player safety—a theme that continues to resonate in today's game. The decision by both teams to embrace this new equipment reflected a proactive approach to protecting their athletes, setting a precedent that would eventually become standard across all levels of football.

Moreover, the game itself was a testament to the competitive spirit and evolving strategies within college football. Northwestern, under the guidance of head coach Pappy Waldorf, brought a disciplined and dynamic offense to the field, while Syracuse, led by head coach Ossie Solem, countered with their own aggressive defensive tactics. The combination of innovative helmets and strategic gameplay made the 1940 matchup not only a pivotal moment in football history but also a captivating spectacle for fans and players alike.

Beyond its immediate impact, the introduction of plastic helmets in the 1940 Northwestern-Syracuse game foreshadowed the ongoing evolution of football equipment and safety standards. It highlighted the sport's capacity for adaptation and improvement, emphasizing the continuous efforts to enhance player welfare while preserving the essence of competitive athletics.

In conclusion, the 1940 Northwestern at Syracuse football game stands as a landmark event where innovation met tradition, ushering in a new era of safety and performance in American football. By embracing plastic helmets for the first time, both teams not only safeguarded their players but also paved the way for future advancements that would shape the game we know and love today.

Love the helmet designs and evolution wait till you check out the College Football helmet history of schools.

-Frequently Asked Questions

-Who was the first player to wear a football helmet? We have your answer in our in-depth study ofthe first to wear a helmet.

-What is the history of each college team and their helmet designs? Check out many of them with our series College Football helmet history of schools.

-How come some teams have player numbers on their helmets? We asked this question too and had a college football expert historian help divulge helmet numbers history.

-Why do some teams like Michigan and Delaware look so odd and similar? It's really uncanny isn't it that the Wolverines and Blue Hens look the same, check this out for a reason when helmets had wings.

-What do stickers on college football helmets mean? Some of them look really crazy but there is some goos reason for the extra adornments and we have the scoop Why all the stickers on some football helmets?.

When did football helmets change from leather to plastic? Just after World War II saw the most abrupt changes, we have more in this in our chat with an expert:When helmets changed from leather to plastic.

From leather giants to chrome beauties, the Oklahoma Sooners' helmet design has traversed a century of gridiron evolution. Here's a glimpse into its fascinating journey:

Early Days (1904-1945): No "OU" in sight! Early teams donned simple leather helmets, some adorned with crimson stripes or numerals. Imagine gridiron pioneers charging forward under these archaic headgear.

The Birth of Crimson (1946-1965): Enter the iconic white helmet with a bold crimson center stripe. A timeless classic, it witnessed Billy Sims juke his way to Heisman glory and Barry Switzer orchestrate dynasty years.

The Interlocking "OU" (1966-present): Coach Jim Mackenzie ushered in a new era with the arrival of the iconic interlocking "OU" logo. Initially rounder, it later evolved into the blocky style we know today, becoming synonymous with Sooner pride.

Modern Twists (2003-present): While crimson remains the heart of the helmet, the Sooners haven't shied away from experimentation. All-white alternatives, metallic crimson splashes, and even black stripes have graced the field in recent years, offering temporary glimpses into another side of Sooner style.

If you think the helmet story is cool, wait till you check out the origins of the logo and mascotOklahoma Sooners Schooner history.

There is so much more to explore, so check out our other stories of Oklahoma Sooners football history.

The Ohio Bobcats football program, known for their fierce spirit and iconic mascot, boasts a helmet history as dynamic as their on-field play. Let's rewind and explore the evolution of this protective headwear:


Early Days (1894-1940s):


Leather Lids: In the early days, players donned simple leather helmets, often with a single stripe or the letter "O" painted on. These rudimentary designs reflected the nascent nature of organized football and lacked the flair of modern iterations.

Birth of the Bobcat (1940s-1960s):


Bobcat Debut: The official Bobcat mascot, a symbol of the university's athletic prowess, began appearing on helmets in the 1940s. Initially, stylized bobcat heads were painted or decaled onto the leather lids, adding a touch of personality to the uniform.

Evolving Stripes and Experimentation (1960s-1980s):


Green and White Domination: The classic green and white color scheme became prominent during this period. Stripes of varying widths and patterns adorned the helmets, with designs often mirroring the team's jerseys.
Experimentation and Innovation: Different helmet manufacturers and styles were explored, including the introduction of plastic shells and facemask designs that improved player safety and comfort.

The Charging Bobcat Emerges (1980s-Present):


Iconic Charge: The iconic "Charging Bobcat" logo, depicting a fierce bobcat in full stride, became the dominant helmet design in the 1980s. This powerful image resonated with fans and players alike, symbolizing the team's aggressive spirit and relentless pursuit of victory.
Modern Tweaks and Refinement: While the "Charging Bobcat" remains the core design, minor adjustments have been made over the years, such as refining the logo's details and color scheme. Additionally, alternate helmet designs have been introduced for special occasions, offering a fresh perspective while maintaining the essence of the classic Bobcat.

More Than Just Headgear:


The Ohio Bobcats' helmets are more than just protective equipment. They are symbols of tradition, pride, and the fighting spirit that defines the program. The evolution of their design reflects the program's own journey, from humble beginnings to modern-day success.


As the Bobcats charge onto the gridiron, their helmets are more than just headwear; they are a visual testament to the legacy of Bobcat football and a promise that the pursuit of excellence continues in every game.
So, the next time you see a green and white helmet adorned with a charging bobcat, remember the rich history and unwavering spirit it represents. It's a story of grit, triumph, and the enduring pride of the Ohio Bobcats.

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The video by TexasISN.com really gets you fired up, doesn't it?
With roots tracing back to 1893, the Texas Longhorns football program boasts a rich history steeped in tradition and punctuated by moments of brilliance. From humble beginnings to national championships and iconic players, the Longhorns have carved their name into the annals of college football.

-Early Days and Establishing a Legacy (1893-1946):
The early years were marked by a spirited journey, with the Longhorns facing limited resources but fueled by unwavering determination. Under coaches like E.J. "Doc" Steckel and Blair Cherry, the Longhorns built a reputation for grit and resilience, establishing themselves as a force to be reckoned with.

-Golden Era and National Championships (1947-1970):
The arrival of legendary coach Darrell Royal ushered in a golden era for the Longhorns. With Royal's innovative schemes and leadership, the program reached new heights. National championships in 1963 and 1969 cemented the Longhorns' status as a national powerhouse, while iconic players like Earl Campbell and Tommy Nobis became legends of the game.

-Continued Success and Defining Moments (1971-Present):
Despite facing challenges, the Longhorns continued to be a major force in college football. Vince Young's leadership in 2005 culminated in another national title, proving the program's ability to adapt and evolve with the times. Players like Ricky Williams and Colt McCoy continued to leave their mark, further enriching the Longhorns' legacy.

-More Than Just Wins:
Beyond their impressive record of wins and championships, the Longhorns are defined by their unique traditions and passionate fanbase. The iconic "Hook 'em, Horns" phrase, the majestic Bevo mascot, and the booming Smokey the Cannon are just a few symbols that bind generations of fans together.

-Looking Ahead:
As the Longhorns continue their journey in the ever-evolving landscape of college football, their unwavering spirit and commitment to excellence remain constant. With a rich history and a passionate fanbase, the Texas Longhorns football program is poised for continued success, leaving an indelible mark on the sport for generations.

Nestled amidst the rolling plains of Iowa, the story of Hawkeye football isn't just about touchdowns and tackles; it's a visual odyssey etched onto the ever-evolving canvas of their helmets. From gleaming gold to iconic black and stripes, each design choice whispers a tale of tradition, rivalries, and the unyielding spirit that defines the Hawkeyes.

In the early days, simplicity reigned. Solid gold helmets adorned with black numbers reflected the Golden Age of Hawkeye football, a time of dominance marked by the legendary Forest Evashevski and his Rose Bowl-winning squads. This classic look evoked elegance and a sense of tradition, echoing the stoic resilience of the Iowa landscape.

But change, like the seasons, swept across the gridiron. In 1979, under the visionary coach Hayden Fry, the gold gave way to the now-iconic black and gold stripes, echoing the Pittsburgh Steelers' legendary uniforms. This reinvention wasn't just aesthetic; it signaled a new era of swagger and aggression, perfectly captured by the intimidating black stripes slicing through the gold.

And then came the Tigerhawk. Born from Fry's imagination, this stylized hawk's head, formed by the interweaving stripes, became an instant sensation. It was fierce, modern, and uniquely Hawkeye, roaring onto the national stage and instantly becoming a symbol of the program's identity.

But the Tigerhawk, like all symbols, wasn't immune to the winds of change. In 2010, a subtle tweak added a black outline to the hawk's head, emphasizing its predatory nature and sharpening its visual impact. This minor adjustment reflected the program's constant evolution, its pursuit of excellence unwavering through time.

Beyond aesthetics, the Hawkeye helmet has borne the scars of tragedy and resilience. In 1943, in honor of fallen Heisman Trophy winner Nile Kinnick, the left side of the helmet sported a single black number "24," a silent tribute that continues to evoke a pang of memory and pride.

And then there's the annual Cy-Hawk Trophy game, where the helmets transform into battlecries. Black and gold battle black and cardinal, stripes clashing and feathers snarling, each design emblazoned with the unwavering spirit of the rivalry.

The Iowa Hawkeye helmet is more than just a piece of headgear; it's a living testament to the program's rich history, its enduring grit, and its relentless pursuit of victory. From the gleaming gold of yesteryear to the fierce Tigerhawk of today, each design choice whispers a tale of tradition, evolution, and the unwavering Hawkeye spirit that forever pulsates beneath the black and gold.

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The University of Maryland, a bastion of athletic tradition, boasts a visual history as vibrant as its championship banners. Its sports logos, like ever-shifting tides, have mirrored the institution's evolution, reflecting changes in both identity and allegiance.

In the early days, Maryland teams proudly bore the nickname "Old Liners," a nod to the state's historical moniker. Their athletic emblems embodied this identity, often featuring a simple shield emblazoned with a crossed axe and plow – symbols of the state's agrarian roots.

Yet, by the 1930s, the "Old Liners" felt outdated. Enter the Terrapins, a nickname coined by then-football coach Harry C. "Curley" Byrd, inspired by the abundance of diamondback terrapins in the Chesapeake Bay. This sparked a visual transformation, with the first Terrapin mascot appearing in 1932 – a cartoonish turtle sporting a Maryland flag shell.

The 1960s and 70s saw a parade of Terrapin logos, some playful, others fierce. One featured a cartoon turtle balancing a basketball on its nose, while another sported a more aggressive profile, jaws open and ready to bite. These designs, while nostalgic, lacked the consistent identity a growing athletic program needed.

In 1988, the iconic "Maryland M" with the smiling Terrapin emerged. This design, with its bold stripes and playful yet determined mascot, struck a perfect balance between tradition and modernity. It became a ubiquitous symbol, adorning helmets, jerseys, and even buildings, cementing its place as the face of Maryland athletics.

Over the years, the logo has undergone subtle refinements, keeping it fresh while preserving its core identity. The 2012 iteration boasts a sleeker, more athletic Terrapin, reflecting the evolving nature of college sports.

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The Air Force Falcons' football helmets, like their unwavering spirit, have evolved through decades, reflecting changes in technology, team identity, and national events. Let's take a flight through their fascinating journey:

-Early Days (1950s-1960s):
The program's initial helmets were simple leather lids with minimal markings, often just the letters "AF" or a basic stripe design.

These humble beginnings reflected the nascent stage of the program and the limited availability of equipment.

-The B-52 Era (1970s):
In honor of the iconic B-52 Stratofortress bombers, the Falcons adopted a helmet design in the 1970s featuring a sea camouflage pattern and the B-52 silhouette.

This bold design emphasized the Air Force connection and became synonymous with the program's early successes.
Modern Tweaks and Refinement (1980s-Present):

The iconic "Charging Falcon" logo, depicting a fierce falcon in full stride, emerged as the dominant helmet design in the 1980s.

This dynamic image resonated with fans and players alike, symbolizing the team's aggressive spirit and relentless pursuit of victory.
Over the years, the logo underwent minor adjustments, refining the lines and color scheme for a modern aesthetic.


-Special Occasions and Alternate Designs:

Alongside the primary "Charging Falcon" design, the Falcons occasionally utilize alternate helmets for special occasions.

These might include variations of the falcon logo, commemorative designs honoring fallen military personnel, or tributes to specific aircraft or missions.

The Air Force Academy has a high flying brand of football that traditionally represents the people who serve in their ranks, and "air" the football out.

Blaise D'Sylva has a brilliant collection of images of the Air Force Falcons helmets of the past and present. What better tribute to the history of the programs than images of the past.

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Born August 13, 1913, in Portsmouth, Virginia, was NFL Films "Voice of God," John Facenda. The son of Italian immigrants got into broadcasting and sports event announcing, becoming a fixture in the Philadelphia area. His famous voice was marketed Nationally when he became the narrator of NFL Films and the Football Follies videos.

Facenda, with his resonant baritone and poetic delivery, is synonymous with the NFL Films sound. While his narration often evoked a sense of grandeur and drama, the man behind the voice was also known for his wit and humor.

One story tells of Facenda recording a particularly intense narration for a highlight reel. After a long session, the director asked him to try a different tone, perhaps something more light-hearted. Facenda, without missing a beat, launched into a comedic impression of a sports announcer, complete with exaggerated enthusiasm and over-the-top commentary. The entire crew burst into laughter, and the session took a lighter turn.

Another anecdote highlights Facenda's dedication to his craft. While recording a script, he stumbled over a particularly complex sentence. Frustrated, he exclaimed, "I can't say this!" The director, amused, suggested they cut the line altogether. Facenda, however, insisted on finding a way to make it work. After several takes, he finally delivered the line flawlessly, demonstrating his unwavering commitment to perfection.

These glimpses into Facenda's personality reveal a man who was not only a master of his craft but also possessed a quick wit and a tireless work ethic. His ability to seamlessly transition from the epic to the everyday is what made him such a beloved and iconic figure in the world of sports broadcasting.

The story goes that while sitting in a bar discussing how interesting the slow-motion game sequences of NFL films were to another bar patron; he was overheard talking by another customer in the establishment, Ed Sabol, the founder of NFL Films. That was in 1965, and after reading script after script, Facenda continued on as the voice of NFL Films until he died in 1984.

The Minnesota Golden Gophers football program boasts a rich history and a passionate fanbase. While victories and iconic players are etched in memory, another element silently represents the team's identity – the helmet. This essay explores the evolution of the Minnesota Golden Gophers football helmet design, tracing its journey from a practical safeguard to a recognizable symbol of Gopher pride.

The Early Years (1872-1940s): Safety First

The early days of Gophers football (pre-1940s) mirrored the national trend. Helmets were primarily leather shells, designed to protect players from head injuries. These rudimentary helmets lacked any visual appeal, focusing solely on functionality.

A Touch of Maroon (1940s-1960s): A Simple Addition

The mid-20th century saw the introduction of the first true Gophers helmet design element – a single maroon stripe running down the center of the leather or early plastic shell. This simple addition marked a step towards a more distinctive look for the Gophers.

The Birth of the Double Stripe (1960s-Present): A Lasting Legacy

The most recognizable element of the Gophers helmet design, the twin maroon stripes, arrived in the 1960s. Replacing the single stripe, these bold stripes offered a more prominent visual identity. The clean lines and simple color scheme resonated with fans and players alike, becoming synonymous with the Gophers brand.

Material Advancements (1960s-Present): A Focus on Safety and Consistency

While the core design of the helmet (double maroon stripes) has remained consistent, the materials have undergone advancements. Leather gave way to plastic and eventually high-tech materials designed to maximize player safety. However, these advancements haven't altered the overall visual identity established by the double stripes.

A Symbol of Gopher Pride:

The Minnesota Golden Gophers football helmet design transcends mere protection. It's a symbol of pride for Gopher Nation, a visual representation of the program's fighting spirit and rich tradition. It unites generations of players, coaches, and fans under a shared identity.

The helmet design, colors, and logo of the Minnesota Golden Gophers have changed throughout the past century in amazing ways. Helmet History.com shares images of past Gophers helmets to help spawn memories of the proud Minnesota football tradition.

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The Mississippi State Bulldogs' football helmet design, like their team itself, has endured several transformations over the decades, each reflecting changes in team identity, trends, and a touch of maroon-and-gray swagger. Here's a journey through the Bulldogs' headgear:

Early Days (1949-1966): Starting with white helmets in 1949, MSU donned numbers for a brief period before sporting the "Flying M" logo from 1963-1966. This era was defined by classic simplicity, a time before the Bulldog spirit found its full visual roar.

The White and Maroon Shift (1967-1973): A switch back to white helmets with numbers (1967-1972) was followed by a return to the "Flying M" on maroon in 1973. This period saw experimentation, a search for the perfect canvas for the Bulldog identity.

The Interlocking MSU Era (1979-2008): In 1979, a defining moment arrived - the iconic interlocking MSU logo took center stage on the maroon helmet. This design solidified the team's brand, becoming a symbol of Bulldog pride and fierce competitiveness. It witnessed three SEC championships and countless memorable victories.

Silver Adornments and Glittering Experiments (2009-2019): The early 2010s saw silver trim and stripes added to the helmet, giving it a modern edge. But the core - the interlocking MSU - remained unchallenged. Matt chrome, matte finishes, and even a throwback "MS" logo made brief appearances, showcasing the Bulldogs' willingness to experiment while holding onto their signature element.

Present Day: Celebrating Tradition and Honoring Heroes (2020-Present): The current helmet design retains the timeless interlocking MSU with subtle tweaks like bolder outlines and slightly altered proportions.

Additionally, several alternate helmets have emerged, like the "maroon chrome" version and the 2023 throwback to the 1998 championship team's design. Special helmets honoring veterans and fallen coaches further showcase the Bulldogs' commitment to tradition and community.