Football History

The roar of the crowd, the electrifying energy, the dazzling displays of athleticism – these are the elements that define the spectacle of American football. But beneath the bright lights and booming sound systems lies a crucial, often overlooked, element: the field itself. This series delves into the fascinating evolution of the American football field, exploring how its design and technology have transformed the way the game is played and experienced.

-The Humble Beginnings – A Patch of Grass and the Birth of Tradition (Late 1800s-Early 1900s)

Our journey begins in the late 1800s, where football fields were more akin to muddy patches of land than the meticulously manicured surfaces of today. Early stadiums offered minimal amenities, forcing players to battle the elements alongside their opponents. We'll explore the challenges and ingenuity of this early era, where players and fans alike embraced the raw essence of the game.

-Standardization and Innovation – The Rise of the Gridiron (Early 1900s-Mid 1900s)

As football gained popularity, so did the need for standardized playing surfaces. This era witnessed the birth of the iconic gridiron, the painted lines and yard markers that gave the field its distinctive look and facilitated strategic play. We'll delve into the fascinating history of these markings, the challenges of maintaining playable surfaces, and the early innovations in field technology.

-The Material Revolution – From Grass to Artificial Turf (Mid 1900s-Present Day)

The mid-20th century ushered in a significant shift: the introduction of artificial turf. This innovation promised better drainage, increased durability, and year-round play. We'll explore the initial controversies surrounding turf, its impact on player safety and performance, and the ongoing debate between natural grass and artificial surfaces.

-Beyond the Basics – The Future of the Football Field (Present Day-Future)

The evolution of the football field doesn't stop at materials. Today, we're witnessing advanced technologies like heated surfaces, sophisticated drainage systems, and even integrated sensors that monitor player movements. We'll explore these cutting-edge innovations, their potential impact on player safety and performance, and the exciting possibilities for the future of the gridiron.

Join us on this captivating journey through gridiron history! We'll uncover the stories behind the lines, the science beneath the surface, and the fascinating evolution of the field that continues to shape the game we love.

Beneath the roar of the stadium, the green rectangle lies like a canvas, ready to be etched with stories of triumph and heartbreak. This isn't just a field; it's a battlefield of muddy grit, laser-focused strategy, and audacious athleticism. It's where dynasties are forged and empires crumble, all within the white lines of the American football field.

But the field we know today whispers tales of its evolution. From muddy rugby battles to the gridiron of the future, its transformation mirrors the game's own journey. We'll rewind, traveling back to those dusty beginnings, uncovering the forgotten pioneers who shaped the field from a chaotic brawl into the strategic masterpiece it is today.

Imagine Walter Camp, the "Father of American Football," meticulously drawing lines on a cow pasture, planting the seeds of order amidst the mayhem. We'll meet Amos Alonzo Stagg, who revolutionized the game with the forward pass, forever changing the landscape of strategy. We'll witness the birth of iconic formations like the T and the Single Wing, each a testament to the game's ever-evolving tactics.

This isn't just a stroll down memory lane; it's a deep dive into the history that gave birth to the gridiron we know and love. We'll explore the impact of technology, from leather helmets to instant replay, and how it reshaped the way the game is played. We'll hear the echoes of legendary rivalries, like the epic clashes between the Chicago Bears and the Green Bay Packers, their battles etching themselves onto the very fabric of the field.

So buckle up, football fans. We're embarking on a journey through the hallowed grounds of American football history.

Fun facts about how the size of the football field has changed in size, shape, and dimensions.

Born July 26, 1920, in Elmira, New York, Bob Waterfield, Pro Football Hall of Fame, enshrined QB of the Rams franchise both in Cleveland and Los Angeles. He was important enough to the Rams franchise that his number 7 jersey was retired by the organization.

The former UCLA Bruin's signal caller briefly interrupted his college career when the U.S. Army called him into service during WWII. His football prowess was legendary, and so was his off-field life as he married actress Jane Russell just before serving in the Army and playing for Fort Bennings 176th Infantry football team.

After this service in the war, Mr. Waterfield returned to the Bruins in an honorable discharge due to a knee injury and played in the 1944 season for UCLA. He was drafted as the 42nd pick in the 1945 NFL draft by the Cleveland Rams, and as a rookie, won the starting job, led the team to a 9-1 record and the NFL Championship in an exciting 15-14 victory over the Washington Redskins!

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Today, we're taking you on a journey back in time to the hallowed ground of American football. Imagine a field where the echoes of legendary plays still linger in the air, where the grass has witnessed the birth of gridiron strategies, and where the very soul of the game seems to permeate the soil.

Wesleyan's Andrus Field is the oldest football field in America. Join us as Tim Brown of FootballArchaeology.com visits to delve into the venue's rich history, uncovering the stories of the players, coaches, and fans who have left their mark on this legendary patch of turf. From its humble beginnings to its place in football folklore, we'll explore Andrus Field's captivating legacy.

If you love the football talk on the history and evolution, then you check out the original article Tim wrote America's Oldest Football Field.

We also have a podcast of the episode found at: Where is America's Oldest Football Field.

-Transcription of American Oldest Football Field with Tim Brown

Hello, my football friends, this is Darin Hayes at PigskinDispatch.com. Welcome once again to The Pig Pen, your portal to positive football history, and welcome to another Tuesday, FootballArcheology.com day, where we get to visit with Timothy P. Brown and learn another great antiquity of football. Tim, welcome back to The Pig Pen.

Hey, thanks, Darin. Look forward to chatting about old times and old fields. Old times and old fields, a great way to take us into a story that you wrote not too long ago, earlier this year, titled America's oldest football field in one of your tidbits on FootballArcheology.com. What do you have to say about the story? Well, I guess if there's listeners out there who had not read the tidbit, if you were to guess which football field has been in use as a football field for the longest, I would guess maybe one in a thousand would guess the correct answer.

Probably a lot more could guess the right region of the country. It was an eastern team, which would make sense, but probably not too many would guess the school. So the school is Wesleyan, and they play now.

It's a big deal academically, a big deal conference of a bunch of small schools on the East Coast, New England schools, and but they play D3 football and or D3, you know, all their sports. But there was a time, there was a day when Wesleyan and some of their counterparts would, you know, match up and with the biggest teams playing at the time. So, you know, here and there we'll talk about the Intercollegiate Football Association, which was founded in 1876, you know, at that time it was, you know, Penn, Harvard, and Princeton, and Yale attended but didn't join.

And then within a year or two, Wesleyan joined. So Wesleyan was part of that early mix of teams that was in the IFA. And I don't think they ever really competed very well.

You know, they lost consistently to those teams. But then, you know, and they would play like, they played Dartmouth all the time and other schools like Williams and, you know, similar schools to them. But the point really is that in the 1880s and into the 1890s, they were playing with the best teams in the country.

And so, like a lot of places early on, they just, they played where, like in the best open field they could find. And they happen to have one on campus. And apparently it had some ruts.

And, you know, I mean, they, the fields back then just weren't like they are today. They weren't these manicured lawns. But they use the same field for baseball.

You know, I've seen images of them setting up, like temporary, you know, we think of tennis courts as these permanent, you know, these permanent things back then or now. But back then you set up a tennis court wherever there was an open piece of flat land, you know, where there was grass. And so, you know, I've seen pictures of tennis courts set up on this field.

I think I've seen some images from our friends north of the border where they would flood some of their fields and have hockey rinks on the football field in the wintertime. Yeah. I mean, we had one at the park one street up from us, you know, growing up.

I'm not that far north. I'm just, I was pretty far north. Yeah, it's pretty far north where you are.

So, but then in, so they would play games on this field. And then in 1897, one of their alums, the guy from the class of 1862, so he graduates in the middle of the civil war, he donated money to fix up this field and kind of build a stadium, you know, make a stadium out of it. And so, you know, that field opened in 1897.

And Wesleyan has been playing football on that field ever since. Right now, it's gone through different, you know, variations of, you know, stands and scoreboards and whatnot. But, you know, fundamentally, it's the same location that they've played their games at.

Just, you know, another couple of things that kind of interesting that came up in the research, some of which I already knew, but just reminded. So one was that in the late 1880s, in 1888 and 1889, Wesleyan had a faculty member who was on the athletic committee. And he had been the manager of the Princeton football team in his undergrad days.

So he helped coach the Wesleyan team in those years. And that guy's name was Woodrow Wilson, who would later become the President of Princeton, and then the President of the United States. So they were, if you played, you know, if you played for Wesleyan back then, you could later claim that you played football for the President of the United States, which pretty cool.

Yeah, definitely. And then the other thing was just in, and this was actually the 1887 yearbook. It's just kind of a cute thing I find.

They described the positions and the positions pretty much match up the way that we would describe offensive positions now that though they had two halfbacks and a fullback. But the guys between the ends and the guards, they called the left and right tackler, not tackle. So, and, you know, but the funny, the cool thing is that, you know, that's in print, but that's how the tackle position got its name because it was on defense teams used to run the ball at the tackles, you know, just running off tackler right at the tackle.

And so these guys made a lot of tackles. So they were the left and right tackler. So it was just neat to see that in print as the original form of the term.

Yeah. Yeah. That is pretty cool.

Very interesting, especially at the oldest continuous football field. I got a question maybe you can answer. Now, you know, we know it was a grass field back then.

A lot of these stadiums have turned, gone from natural turf to artificial turf. And so is this field still a grass stadium? I don't know. The image or the tidbit has an image of the stadium, you know, a recent year image of the stadium.

So it would show whether it's natural turf or grass, but I don't know offhand. Yeah, it looks pretty green. That's what posed the question to me.

If they had it that green, maybe either they got some great photographers or some nice filters or really good grounds crew. Yeah. Yeah.

I mean, I would guess it's probably artificial turf. I mean, it's probably like any other field that's used nowadays where they've got, you know, they're playing lacrosse or playing field hockey on that thing. They're playing soccer.

So I would guess it's probably, you know, artificial, but there's still some really nice football fields out there that are natural turf and they do a nice job of manicuring them and make them look pretty on TV anyway. Well, like in the big tenants, mostly the schools that have like big, um, it's not really agriculture, but like grass science kinds of programs, you know, like the horticulture. Yeah.

Yeah. I mean, like Michigan state has, and I believe Purdue might, I'm not, I'm not sure, but Michigan state's got a big program in that stuff. And so, you know, they, they're not, they're not getting rid of there.

Right. And then, you know, I think generally in the South, there's more grass than there is up North. Um, but, you know, nowadays, I mean, even the grass fields are beautifully drained and, you know, the drainage was just coming into play on athletic fields, you know, turn of the century or, you know, that kind of timeframe.

So, and those were only in like the best spots. Yeah. I can tell you for one that spent a lot of time, uh, standing and running on a football field.

I much rather be on, on grass, even on the sloppy days, because it's something about turf fields. And I went from, you know, the astroturf carpets to the field turfs of today. And there's something about it.

You just, your shins and your knees and your ankles just don't, they feel really achy by the time you're, you're done with the game on there compared to a nice giving, you know, earthen fields. Well, and they, uh, especially the old, the original old astroturf, um, those things were hotter than blazes. Yeah.

Yeah. I mean, your feet just burned. Yeah.

And it's just, you felt the cement underneath you on those. So yeah, definitely. Well, a great story and a great, uh, a monument to the game of football, you know, having this field that's been, you know, what, 150 years or I'm sorry, you started the 1890s.

I started on that field, 1897. So 130 years, give or take a few years. So just amazing that, uh, doing that on the same place and playing the same game.

Yeah. You know, it's, it's an interesting thing that, you know, I mean, I've talked about this elsewhere, but like for the most part, if the, with the pro teams, if they're getting rid of one stadium, they build a new one in a different location. Colleges, you know, some of that goes on, but the vast majority of it, it's, they redo the existing stadium or they'll tear it even like Northwestern, they're tearing the whole thing down and then they're rebuilding on the same site.

Right. I mean, campuses for the most part is space constrained and that, you know, they want to stay on campus, whatever, but like, you know, even places like, you know, Georgia Tech has a really old stadium. Wisconsin's got a really old stadium, you know, there's others that are, and then, you know, a whole slew of them built in the twenties, pretty much everybody's still playing in those, in those stadiums.

So it's, I don't know, you know, so these guys are maybe they're the ones that establish that template. Yeah. Maybe the, aren't those architecturally appeasing and don't have the technology that some of these brand new stadiums offer, but there's some nostalgia, almost like going to the old baseball stadium, you know, going to Fenway and watching a game compared to, you know, going to some of the newer stadiums.

There's just something about it, the architecture and the feel of the game. And the neighborhood. I mean, even like, you know, all those old places are really cool.

Now. Yeah. I think some of the new places are really cool too, but for different reasons.

Right. Yeah, absolutely. Two different pieces of enthusiasm that come out from the fans from those.

So the nostalgic feel always wins in my heart. Yeah. But your, your butt might be a little bit sore, but you're cricking your neck a little bit and look around poles and things like we talked about in the past, but you definitely get to feel the history in some of those stadiums is kind of cool.

And so, you know, speaking of feeling the history, you, you talk about the history of the game quite often going into some of these nooks and crannies that you know, not a lot of people get an advantage point of, of seeing, but you, you have these a few times a week coming out and maybe you could share with the listeners how they can partake in some of your writings on these. Yeah. Well, so obviously they can subscribe to this podcast and listen here, but you know, if you want to read the tidbits, you know, I release them every couple, every couple of days, more or less.

And so you just go to my I've got a sub stack called football archaeology.com. You just type that in and subscribe and you'll get, you know, get an email every time that I send out a new, a new story. You can also follow me on Twitter on threads or on the sub stack app or obviously just go out there and, you know, bookmark it and go whenever you want. But if you want to make sure you get every story, whether you read it or not, at least you'll know that it came across then subscribing is really the only way to do that.

All right. Well, Tim, we definitely appreciate you joining us here on this Tuesday and every Tuesday as we get to talk to you. We're honored by that and we would love to talk to you again next Tuesday.

Very good. Look forward to it and we'll find something to talk about.

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Players can tell you that the surface condition of the turf they play on can make all the difference in a game and how they perform. Field conditions are affected by weather, surface, slickness, and even lawn care.

Long before the modern surfaces and machines we see football played on today, grass fields were the only surface that mattered. Have you ever considered how these playing fields were cared for and kept? Our man Timothy P. Brown of Football Archaeology has, and may we hear what he found out.

This discussion originates based on Time's Tidbit post titled: The Wretched Field Conditions of Football's Past - In Pictures.

-Transcription of Football Field Grass Cuts with Timothy Brown

Hello, my football friends. This is Darin Hayes of PigskinDispatch.com. Welcome once again to The Pig Pen, your portal to positive football history, and welcome to another evening where we get to discuss some football archaeology with the founder of that website, Timothy P. Brown. Tim, welcome back to The Pig Pen.

Darin, thank you for chatting tonight, as we seem to do every week, every Tuesday. So yeah, looking forward to it. Yeah, I feel very blessed and honored to be able to talk to you every Tuesday and get this information that you share with us.

Just a few months ago, you had a very interesting topic on one of your tidbits about the field maintenance of the grass that was played on. There was no artificial turf; it was all natural grass, and we're very interested to know how they manicured their fields. Well, yeah, so I actually had an earlier one.

I think I probably have a link to it in this particular tidbit but about the terrible field conditions of the past. And so now we've got artificial turf, we've got prescription grass, and most fields have good drainage and watering systems as needed. And there's just other ways.

The fields are so well-maintained. Back in the day, especially in some stadiums that used to get really heavy use, if you just had one game or one weekend where it was rainy, the rest of the season, the whole central portion of the field was just mud or dirt. It just got torn up.

There's no way to avoid it. And that's one of the great benefits of artificial turf, which is that the central part of the field doesn't wear out, so it's between the hash marks. But back in the day, it sure did.

And so that's kind of a lost element of the game, or of the experience, both as fans and especially as players. But so I'm always looking at old yearbooks and other photo sources. And so back in the day, there were certain things going on in the field that you just noticed, and they were just like, what the hell are they doing there? And so obviously, the muddy fields that I just mentioned.

One of the ways that they try to maintain or dry out muddy fields is by tossing sawdust all over the field. And so I've got images, Yale Field, where there's sawdust all over the field. I'm just trying to draw it out or dry it out, I should say. And then they'd sometimes put hay on the field prior to the game, like if it was going to be icy, and then they'd rake it all off, so all kinds of crazy stuff.

So then once that dirt got all, well, once the field became dirt rather than grass, then you see in early pictures where they raked, you see all these lines in the dirt, and it's just because they raked, just to get all the clumps out and all that kind of stuff. And then, when it dried, the whole field was just dusty. So again, I've got a bunch of pictures of guys just stepping on the field, running around, and there are dust clouds falling; they all look like pig pens from the Charlie Brown cartoon.

But the other one that you see from time to time is long grass, which is, you don't see it as much, but there are times where it's like, I've got pictures of placekickers trying to kick off the grass, and it's like, the grass is literally like 12 inches tall. And so it's like, how the heck did they maintain the grass? Then I looked into that. And so initially, I'd have to make sure I pronounce this correctly, but I was asking, how did they keep football fields, baseball fields, parks, and lawns trimmed back in the day? And so the one way that they did it was with a scythe, which is like the Grim Reaper, with that pole.

A sickle type. Yeah, yeah. Okay.

And so, you know, so they had people up there, you know, cutting it that way. But then, you know, by like 1830, somebody came up with a mechanical lawnmower that pretty much, you know, looks like a real, and I mean real meaning R-E-E-L, so real mower that's used today, but obviously very clunky looking. And then, you know, they also had, you know, so there were the hand-pushed versions, and then there were the horse-pulled versions of these real mowers.

But from time to time, they also reverted back to more traditional methods, which was to bring in a flock of sheep, and you'd just put the sheep out there on your football field or your baseball field and let, you know, let them at it. And then you may have some new obstacles to try to avoid while you're playing. Well, you know, and that would make the grass grow.

So, yeah, and so... Nothing like a good turd tackle, that's for sure. Yeah. One of my brothers has a place up in California where, you know, it's basically a winery where the fields were so wet, or everything was so wet because of all the rain they had.

They brought in a bunch of sheep and just let the sheep go up and down between the rows, you know, eat back the grass. But, yeah, so, I mean, so you think about that, and it was even, you know, so for sure, I've got pictures, you know, it included a picture from like 1943 of sheep grazing in the Rose Bowl, trying to keep it back. And so, even like in the 40s, especially, you know, with gas rationing because of the war, you know, we saw a return to sheep grazing on athletic fields just to, you know, to try to keep it trimmed.

But, you know, I mean, there were like New Mexico, Loyola Marymount, places like that also, you know, I've got newspaper articles anyways indicating, you know, in the late 30s, early 40s that they were trimming their grass the old-fashioned way. Hey, just to put a comment, you know, the images that you have, and we have links to them in the show notes here, folks, and on Pigskin Dispatch from the accompanying article for Tim's images. In the image of the sheep on the Rose Bowl field, I think they got the black sheep of every family in that photo because I think there are two that look like they might be lighter color; all the rest are very colored sheep.

So, a lot of black sheep in that family. Well, there was; it may have been the breed because the article mentioned the breed, which, you know, I don't know one. I don't know my sheep breeds; I apologize.

But, so it may be that that was just a function of. Well, luckily for you, we just want to know about your football. We don't need your agricultural knowledge.

I'm not really good at the agricultural side. Now, that same image, the herdsman or the farmer that's caring for these sheep, he must be a pretty popular guy because it looks like he has like a five-gallon bucket of, I'm assuming, water for these dozen or so sheep to all drink out of. So, I'm sure they're very popular guy in the water.

So, I mean, the other thing, he could have had some grain in there. Then, tossing grain into different areas would attract the sheep to mow the whole field. Oh, okay.

Gotcha. I mean, again, I'm guessing this only because I saw a YouTube video of some guy in New Zealand who created a picture of a heart in his field, let the sheep in, you know, he spread grain in the shape of a heart, let the sheep out and they all went, and then sheep formed a heart. So, it is quite an art form to get your sheep to manicure your lawn.

That's right. All right. Well, hey, I'm even more glad this week, and I have to cut the grass with the modern conveniences we have today.

I'm not out there with a bucket throwing grain on my grass with a herd of sheep. So, although we do like those days, those were the days. All right.

I had a little, much harder time in many ways. So, we appreciate those pioneers of early football who took care of the yards that we played in and helped us advance to where we are today. And Tim, you have some very interesting, fascinating pieces of football that even go beyond the game and equipment like this, you know, caring for the field, which is, you know, you have to have a field to play on.

So, it's, you know, it has to be that. And I know one point I was going to bring up, too, is a really interesting study I saw just came out within the last week or so from, I believe, the National Football League on injuries compared on natural grass fields that are played in the league versus the artificial fields. There was a higher injury rate, as this study showed in the 2022 season, where people on artificial fields were injured more often, or more injuries occurred than they did on the grass fields.

And I don't know if you saw that, but it's kind of interesting to go back to old school, possibly. Yeah, I didn't see that. And, you know, I mean, obviously, when artificial turf first came out, it gripped so well that, you know, guys just blew out their knees all the time on that.

And it was like playing on concrete, you know, I mean, I mostly played on natural, you know, I played on one or two artificial turf fields that were fairly early in the development, and it was, you know, it was horrible. But anyways, yeah, I'm actually a little bit surprised by that result, you know, just because, you know, my sense is that the artificial surfaces have come so far. But, you know, there's a certain amount of, you know, there's kind of no going back on some of it, you know, if you're in a dome stadium, you're going to play on artificial turf, right? And then it's, you know, it's one thing to be on turf, you know, it takes, it just takes a lot of money from an ongoing maintenance standpoint to have a really well done natural turf, you know, so if you're the Packers or something like that, okay, you can afford it.

A lot of other places, it's just, you know, so I mean, anyone in the NFL can afford to do it if that's the right thing, right? Yeah, I know at Akershire Stadium, the old Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, they replaced the turf, I think, two or three times during the NFL season. Of course, the Pitt Panthers are playing on that. They have high school games, usually on Thanksgiving weekend.

They have four championship games or five or six now. I think they have levels playing on that field. So it gets tore up that time of year and they, they replace it within a couple of days before the NFL game.

And that's why you see so many famous games played at Pittsburgh stadium where chunks of the field are coming up, or they had a rainy Monday night game in Miami 20 some years ago, where the punter kicked the ball, and it came down point first and stuck right in the middle of the field and some things. Well, you know, that, that actually raises a point. You know, I don't know if the study was able to control for that, but you know, how long was the turf installed? You know, at the time an injury occurred, because, you know, turf that's been in there for months is different than turf that was installed last Monday.

Right. Yeah. I think it's; they just took an aggregate of the 17 games or, I guess, eight and a half games on average on each field and looked around to see how many state injuries happened at that field by the opponents, you know, both teams playing on it.

So I think that's how they studied it. And you know, it's got some, some, you can sling some arrows at it and shoot some holes in it, but it's an interesting study. And one, I know the NFL takes player safety seriously, as they do with most items.

I am so anxious to see where that leads us. Yeah. Interesting stuff.

Tim, your tidbits are, you know, bringing up items like this constantly every single day, sometimes a couple of times a day. Why don't you share with the listeners how they too can share in on all the fun of hearing these? Yeah. So, you know, best way is just to go to my website, footballarchaeology.com, subscribe.

And that by doing that, you'll, you'll get an email every night at like seven o'clock. I may actually push that a little bit later, but anyways, we'll get an email that with, you know, with the story for that, that evening. And, you know, if you, if you don't want the emails, then just, you can follow me on Twitter.

Yeah. So great subject. We really enjoyed having you share your knowledge with us, Tim, and appreciate you.

And we will talk to you again next week. Very good, sir. Look forward to it.

Transcribed by TurboScribe.ai.

The football fields on which modern games are played have undergone many transformations over the years. The field has been morphed almost as many times as the rules of the game have been changed.

Our guest, Timothy Brown of Football Archaeology, has admired and brought to our attention the work of a historian who has really captured the evolution of the American Football Field.

James Gilbert has put together an impressive research study on the evolution of the American football field over the years of rules revisions and modifications since 1876, complete with graphics. Enjoy this Substack post that he put out recently.

-Transcribed Conversation on Football Field Evolution with Timothy Brown and James Gilbert

Hello, my football friends. This is Darren Hayes of PigskinDispatch.com. Welcome once again to The Pig Pen, your portal to positive football history. And wow, we have a great episode coming on tonight.

We have Timothy P. Brown of Football Archaeology joining us, and we're going to be talking about the football field and some evolutionary changes that have happened to it over the years. Tim, welcome back to The Pig Pen. Darren, good to see you again, as always.

Thanks for having me. Never want to take it for granted that you're going to let me come onto your show. The invitation is always there, my friend, and I'm never going to take it for granted that you join us each week because it's quite a treat for myself and the listeners.

We get to learn about something new with football or be reminded of something maybe that's been long forgotten. And I think that's kind of typical of what we have tonight. You know, something that we see every single game that we watch, and it's so obvious that we probably take it for granted.

That's the football field itself. You know, without it, there's not much of a game going on. And you came across a friend of yours that you guys wrote a piece together a few years ago on the evolution of the football field, and it's really quite interesting.

And maybe you could talk about that a little bit tonight. Yeah, so this is, you know, the friend that you're mentioning is James Gilbert. And, you know, kind of longtime readers or somebody who's gone back through the archives might remember that back in November 2021, he and I co-authored a story about the University of North Carolina team from 1893.

They were the first Southern team to go to the North and play a game because they played Lehigh towards the end of the season in Manhattan. So, you know, he and I kind of worked together on that. And I forget, even now, how he and I first connected.

But, you know, he's in the kind of old football and just general sports, you know, arcane information, you know, like me. And I had, you know, like in my How Football Became Football, I documented at least the major sequences of how the field and markings changed. You know, goalpost locations, all that kind of stuff.

So, I mean, I took it to a certain level. And, but now, James recently launched a Substack newsletter or blog called James's Newsletter. And one of his first articles is an article about the evolution of college football field.

So basically, he's what he did, and he's been doing this for quite some time. He's been creating, you know, graphics, images of the football field and all the markings at each point in time. So, going back to 1876.

And then, you know, each time that it changed, either the dimensions or the markings, location, this or that on the field, he basically created all these graphics to show this information. And then what he's done now is mirror it in a Substack article. So he's got kind of the description of what was happening, you know, why it changed what was happening, the game led to the change, and then just the detailed description of the change.

And, like, when I did mine, I stopped at 1960, but he carried on to really to the present. So all the different changes that, you know, we sometimes don't think about the things like the size of the coach's box, the size of the team, team's box, how far off the sideline to get back, you know, they get back coach has to get back, you know, all that kind of stuff. You know, he just he's outlined, outlined, he put in detail all this information.

So this is one of these where, you know, normally we talk about my tidbits or an article, but this, I just wanted to make sure there's some attention brought to him and the effort he's gone through. Because it's just, you know, it's a great resource. And I don't know anybody who has documented how the field has, has changed over, you know, 147 years of football history, like he has, you know, so it's just a really neat effort.

He's done a couple of other things as well. Yeah, that's. I know exactly what you're talking about. I did a piece similar to you, where I covered the football field probably two or three years ago. Actually, it was an adaptation of an article I wrote back in 2003.

And I had my son, you know, throw some graphics up there. And but James's article, you know, I had the grid field in the early 1900s, but I had it going, you know, goal line to goal line, which it did. But I had forgotten about the aspect of the back in, and I believe it was 1903.

And we were just talking about it. I ran across an article the other day in newspapers.com, where they went from a 25-yard line to a 25-yard line with the grid. And then it was the normal stripes, you know, outside the 25s or to the goal line. Anyway, so just the detail, he's doing that.

And I can tell you from officiating, you know, the 27 years I officiated at the high school level, there was a field change every single year, you know, as you said, the coaches box changing by the yard or, you know, the teams were allowed to the 20s. And it was a 25s or boundary lines or a hash mark is now, you know, instead of three inches, it's four inches wide or whatever, you know, so I can imagine what the collegiate field has been doing over those years. It's probably every year; there's something small.

So, this is really a Galathian chore that James is doing, and it's much appreciated. We'll have a link here in the show notes, folks, to James's site and Pigskin dispatch.

So you can appreciate his work. You know, that's really going to take a lot of effort on his part. And that's appreciated.

Yeah, you know, the thing about it is like there's so, you know, there's a bunch of times when, um, yeah, there's, well, you and I go on a particular site that sometimes they post a pic, you know, these unidentified, you know, people can't figure out where's this, you know, who's this team in this picture? You know, there's a game in a stadium. Where is this? Who's playing? What's the period? So, a lot of times, you can tell certain things just based on the uniforms or the formations, and you have a pretty good sense of what's going on. But there are other times where, you know, if depending on the angle of the shot, you can see the field markings, and that tells you a tremendous amount.

In some cases, like 1903, it tells you exactly what year the game was played. You know, if you have the right kind of angle or the right kind of shot. So, so anyway, so just anybody who enjoys doing that kind of thing, or sometimes finds themselves looking back at an old photo and trying to figure out, well, when, when was this thing from, you know, his site will be really a great reference, you know because it just collects all that kind of information in one place.

You know, the other, the other thing that, another thing that he does that is interesting is, and he, some of his posts on it, on the, on his newsletter reflect this, where he's a, he's a North Carolina, you know, UNC graduate and fan. One of the things he's done is go back and try to figure out where every North Carolina football game was played. And I don't mean that at a very casual level; I mean out of detail.

And so, you know, like, you can go back, and there are all kinds of sites where there's a site called jhowell.net that I use all the time to find the old scores and where games were played and that kind of stuff. And so it might say the game was played in Milwaukee or New Haven or wherever it was, but it doesn't necessarily tell you the exit or the field. Well, a lot of the old football, you know, especially going further back, you know, in the 1800s, you know, maybe up till 1920, sometimes these games were just played in some local park, you know, and they slapped up temporary stands or the games were played in a minor league baseball park that got torn down 80 years ago.

And now there's, you know, an expressway is sitting on top of it or, you know, a shopping mall or whatever it is. There are all kinds of these past stadiums that just are no longer there. And in a bunch of cases, kind of people have lost track of where they are.

So he goes in, and I don't really understand all the resources that he uses, but I know he uses like these old, there's a bunch of online through like Library of Congress, there's these online insurance maps that used to document, you know, the streets and major cities and all that kind of stuff and which buildings were where. And so I think he uses those kinds of things and all kinds of stuff from, you know, the newspapers telling you, well, it's at the intersection of 42nd and Western or wherever. And so then he finds where this game or where this field was and then plots the field atop, you know, what it looks like today, like in Google Maps.

So it's just really kind of fun. And then he's created some databases that, you know, dig into other information. You know, it's very UNC-specific.

So, I don't necessarily care about UNC, but I really appreciate his digging into it. It's just, you know, just getting the details of a particular topic. But just think about all the fields that it covers, you know, everybody that UNC traveled to play over the years, where their stadium is, you know, you're going to know where Duke played their games when they were, you know, Trinity College or whatever, you know, at the time. So that's some really interesting stuff.

I'll have to add that to my bookmarks and check that out because, you know, you have like the uniform sites, you know, the gridiron uniform database, and you have the helmets, you know, sites that you can go to and see where helmets are from here. Now that having a resource to look at fields of an era and where football stadiums were, you know, that's pretty cool too. So that's why I'm sure a lot of people will be interested in having that information too.

So good job, James. Yeah, no, it's just kind of fun stuff. And, you know, just the, you know, again, as I said, I don't know the method that he uses to get there, but, unfortunately, he couldn't join us tonight.

Otherwise, you know, he wouldn't would have done so. But so anyway, it's just interesting stuff. And, you know, if you're enough of a geek, like you and I are, you know, you can really, you just, you know, it's like you see somebody who's got an interest in this sport or this aspect of the sport, and they dig into it, or they collect, you know, certain things.

It's just one of those things. There's nothing I had thought of, but I just have a really deep devotion to the particular aspect of the game. Yeah. Well, let's use a little bit of James's information.

Okay. Now, you just recently saw this and appreciated it. What's something that jumped out at you that either you didn't realize, or maybe you forgot, and it brought a different light on what James did in his fieldwork?

Yeah. You know, I think the, I don't know that for me it's, it's any one thing. I know he just did it, just did an article.

I think maybe it was today or the other day where, you know, he's pointing out that North Carolina is going to play a game in Charlotte. You know, I think they're playing at the Panther stadium. And so he's, the articles about, Hey, they played, you know, it's the eighth most frequent city that they played, you know, but for them, it's kind of like, you know, they played, they played at a lot of intermediate cities, you know? So, I mean, teams used to do that all the time.

I've got an article that's my Saturday tidbit is about this, where, you know, teams traveling, you know, we've got this big thing about the West coast athletes are going to be traveling to get to the Big 10 schools and all that kind of stuff, you know, with the conference modifications. But back in the day, when people traveled by train, they spent a lot of time on the train, too. And so a lot of times, they find these cities halfway between one another, and both teams would meet there and be a bigger city, especially if they were kind of rural schools.

So they played in all kinds of locations, you know? And so, but in North Carolina in particular, it just seems like they played a lot. They played in a lot of places, you know, a lot of different intermediate towns. And maybe it's just the geography of, you know, where they were in the transportation network at the time. But yeah, it's just kind of interesting, all the different places that they played.

Oh, very cool. All right. Well, why don't you go ahead and if you have James's information, if you want to call it out now, so people can do it.

But again, you know, if you're driving or something, you can go to the show notes and get the link there. But Tim, go ahead and let us know where we can find James. Yeah.

As I said, he's on Substack, which is just a platform. You can find him at jameslegilbert.substack.com. And I checked beforehand, just Googled James Lee Gilbert Substack. And, you know, it's one of the first things that comes up.

Then you'll have the link, you know, the actual link in the show notes. But James Lee Gilbert, Substack, should get you there. All right.

And folks, the graphics are really splendid. You're going to be really pleased, I think, when you see these graphics, especially of the football field evolution that we started talking about. I got to go and check out all these coordinates of where the fields were. I have to go. I appreciate that here when we get done.

So I can't wait to do that. You just added another thing to my to-do list tonight. So, thanks, James.

So far, he doesn't have a lot of those on this site. But you know, he's done a bunch of them in the past. So, I hope you know that he recycles them and republishes them on Substack.

Well, Tim, wow, that is great stuff. Thanks for bringing this to our attention so we can appreciate his work and your work.

Why don't you tell us how folks can get your daily news? Yep, just go to footballarchaeology.com, and you can subscribe. You'll get an email every night at seven o'clock Eastern with today's article. Otherwise, you can follow me on Twitter, Threads, or the Substack app. All right, Timothy P. Brown, footballarchaeology.com. We thank you once again for joining us, and we will talk to you again next week.

Very good. Thanks.

-Frequently Asked Questions About an American Football Field:

-How long is a football field? A football field from goal line to goal line is 100 yards long with two ten yard deep end zones. Want to know more about the evolution of the playing field, you are in the right place as we covered it here:Field Size Evolution.

-How wide is a football field? Most levels of American football play on a field that is 53.3 yards wide.

-What are the hash marks for? The hash marks are used for a few different things during a game, but most importantly they are the inbounds spot for the ball to rest fo the next play adjacent to where it became dead on the previous play outside of the hash marks or out of bounds. Here is a great piece explaining the has marks and their history and evolution: The Fumble Fiasco Out-of-Bounds Oddities in Early Football.

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Timothy Brown gives a great look back at some of the pitfalls of ingredients used to mark lines on the field and their relation to player comfort.

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FootballArchaeology.com post on James L. Gilbert's fantastic work of identifying revision history graphically of the American College football field over the years.