Football History

This article delves into the surprising past of Duke University's athletics. Forget knights or crusaders – discover how Duke's teams transformed into the ferocious, rally-igniting Blue Devils. We'll explore the influence of World War I, student newspaper rivalry, and a dash of controversy that led to this now-iconic mascot. So, prepare to be surprised as you uncover the story of how Duke University became the Blue Devils!

Duke University's prestigious reputation may come as a surprise to those who don't know its history. Before the iconic blue devil mascot and sprawling Durham campus, Duke existed as a much smaller institution – Trinity College. Founded in 1838 as a Methodist school named Union Institute, it underwent several transformations. In 1851, it became Normal College, focusing on teacher training. Finally, in 1859, with financial backing from the Methodist Church, it was christened Trinity College, reflecting its Christian mission.

This early Trinity College laid the groundwork for Duke's future success. It emphasized a strong liberal arts education, attracting talented students and faculty. The move to Durham in 1892 and crucial donations from the Duke family in the early 20th century allowed Trinity to expand dramatically. In 1924, it officially became Duke University, honoring the Dukes' generosity and ushering in a new era of academic prominence. While the name changed, the legacy of Trinity's dedication to education continues to be a cornerstone of Duke University's identity.

Louisiana State University (LSU) boasts one of the most unique and beloved mascots in college athletics: Mike, the live tiger. But the story of how LSU adopted the tiger as its mascot goes beyond simply acquiring a majestic predator. It's a tale intertwined with military history, student spirit, and a touch of serendipity.

LSU's athletic teams were initially known as the "LSU Baseball Club" or simply "Old War Skule." However, by the late 19th century, the nickname "Tigers" began to emerge. This wasn't a random choice; it was a tribute to the revered Louisiana Tigers, a group of Confederate military regiments known for their fierce fighting spirit during the American Civil War. In fact, LSUSports.net, (The Nickname: "Fighting Tigers") states that "Arthur W. Bergeron, Jr., PhD. in his the “Guide to Louisiana Confederate Military Units, 1861-1865” (LSU Press, 1989), the name Louisiana Tigers evolved from a volunteer company nicknamed the Tiger Rifles, which was organized in New Orleans." The first University after the US Civil War served in or at least was familiar with the regimen and felt the Tiger moniker was perfect in upholding the tradition and pride of the region, and would represent the school well on the sports fields. The association between these regiments and the qualities desired in LSU athletes - courage, tenacity, and a never-say-die attitude - cemented the connection.

The visual representation of the tiger mascot, however, took a more organic path. Unlike some universities with predetermined mascots, the tiger gradually permeated LSU's identity. Early references included mentions in student publications and the adoption of orange and purple (later changed to gold) as school colors, mirroring the stripes of a tiger. This unofficial association resonated with fans, solidifying the tiger's presence.

The turning point came in 1936. Inspired by a travelling circus, a group of LSU students, led by athletic trainer Chellis "Mike" Chambers, hatched a daring plan: bring a live tiger to campus. They raised funds from students (a quarter from each student which raised the sum of $750), purchased a young tiger cub from a zoo, and named him "Sheik." However, recognizing Chambers' pivotal role, the name was soon changed to "Mike," laying the foundation for the now-iconic tradition.

Mike I, as he became known, captivated the hearts of students and fans alike. He served as a living symbol of LSU spirit, attending games and even residing in a makeshift enclosure on campus. Though Mike I tragically passed away in 1956, the legacy of the live tiger mascot was firmly established. Subsequent tigers, all named Mike, have continued this tradition, becoming beloved members of the LSU community.

The evolution of the Mike the Tiger program reflects a commitment to responsible animal care. Today, Mike resides in a specially designed habitat on campus, ensuring his well-being while allowing fans to connect with this unique mascot.

In conclusion, LSU's adoption of the tiger as its mascot is a story that transcends mere symbolism. It's a testament to the power of student spirit, the enduring legacy of the Louisiana Tigers, and a university's commitment to its mascot's well-being. From the first "Mike" to the current resident, these magnificent creatures have embodied the fighting spirit of the LSU Tigers, leaving an indelible mark on college football history.

The University of Oklahoma's identity is deeply woven with the spirit of the American pioneer and the resilience of its state's founding. This connection is evident in both the adoption of their "Sooners" nickname and the iconic Sooner Schooner mascot.

Early on, OU athletic teams lacked a unifying moniker. They were known as the "Rough Riders" or "Boomers" for a decade. "Boomer" referenced the rapid growth Oklahoma experienced, but it wasn't until 1908 that "Sooner" emerged. This term originated from the Land Run of 1889, where settlers staked claims on unassigned territories before the official starting gun. These individuals, known as "Sooners," embodied a pioneering spirit – ambitious, determined, and perhaps a touch rebellious. The university, embracing the complexity of its heritage, saw this as a fitting representation of its student body and adopted "Sooners" as its official nickname.

For decades, OU lacked a single, consistent mascot. A beloved dog named Mex held the role from 1915 to 1928, followed by an "Indian dancer" named Little Red in the 40s. However, the need for a mascot that transcended individual personalities became clear. 1964 the Sooner Schooner, a Conestoga wagon reminiscent of those used in the Land Run, was introduced. Pulled by a team of white ponies, it symbolized the pioneering spirit that gave the Sooners their name. The Schooner's popularity soared; by 1980, it was officially designated the mascot.

The story doesn't end there. Recognizing the limitations of a non-human mascot for wider representation, the university introduced costumed mascots, Boomer and Sooner, in 2005. These energetic ponies mirrored the Schooner's team and further solidified the connection between mascot and nickname.

Today, the University of Oklahoma's identity is deeply intertwined with the Sooner's moniker and the Sooner Schooner tradition. It's a testament to the university's heritage, celebrating both the pioneers' determination and its students' vibrant spirit.


There is so much more to explore, so check out our other stories of Oklahoma Sooners football history.

Princeton University's iconic tiger mascot boasts a fascinating origin story, interwoven with school spirit, student enthusiasm, and a touch of feline fancy. Unlike a preordained choice, the tiger emerged organically through a confluence of factors in the late 19th century.

Initially, Princeton students gravitated towards the lion, mirroring the emblem of the Dutch royal house of Orange-Nassau (a nod to the school's orange and black colors). However, the "Tiger Cheer," adopted from a Civil War regiment marching through town, sparked a different kind of roar. This cheer, later known as the "Locomotive – Princeton," resonated with a tigerish image of power and tenacity. This association, along with the growing popularity of orange and black stripes on athletic jerseys, solidified the tiger's presence.

An excerpt from a 1992 essay from the Princeton Office of Communications states, "October 12, 1868, the faculty of the College of New Jersey (later to be called Princeton University) passed a resolution permitting students “to adopt and wear as the college badge an orange colored Ribbon bearing upon it the word Princeton,” thus simultaneously keeping alive the college’s historical association with the Royal Dutch House of Orange while publicizing the unofficial college name, Princeton."

Further solidifying the tiger's claim was the student-run humor magazine, "The Princeton Tiger," founded in 1882. Soon, the tiger found its way into cheers and songs, further cementing its connection to school spirit. The Class of 1879, initially favoring lions, eventually acknowledged the tiger's dominance. In 1911, they even replaced their previously commissioned lion statues with a pair of majestic tigers flanking the entrance to Nassau Hall, a symbolic surrender to the popular mascot.

Princeton's flirtation with live tigers added another layer to the story. In the 1920s, a live tiger cub, donated by a student's father, became a temporary mascot. While logistical challenges led to its relocation to a zoo, the episode further solidified the tiger's image as a symbol of Princeton's athletic prowess.

So the colors came first, and thus, the association with the big cat of the same scheme, the Tiger, dominated over the early roar of a lion.

Today, the Princeton Tiger reigns supreme. From costumed characters cheering on the sidelines to its prominent place in school iconography, the tiger embodies the spirit of Princeton athletics. Its journey from a student cheer to a beloved mascot reflects the organic evolution of tradition and the enduring power of school spirit.

From Cardinals to Hogs: How Arkansas Adopted the Razorback Mascot
The Arkansas Razorbacks are a force to be reckoned with in the world of college athletics. Their ferocious nickname and iconic live mascot, Tusk, embody the fighting spirit and tenacity associated with the university. But how did a seemingly ordinary farm animal become the symbol of Arkansas athletics? Let's delve into the fascinating tale of the Razorbacks' rise to prominence.

Originally, the University of Arkansas fielded teams under the rather tame moniker of "Cardinals." This uninspired name did little to capture the spirit of the athletes on the field. In 1909, however, fate intervened during a pivotal football game against LSU. The Arkansas team, known for their aggressive and determined play, was likened to a "wild band of Razorback hogs" by their head coach, Hugo Bezdek. The ferocity and resilience of the wild razorback hog resonated with both players and fans. The nickname quickly gained traction, appearing in student publications and capturing the imagination of the Arkansas faithful.

The official adoption of the Razorback mascot came a year later in 1910. Students, energized by the evocative nickname, voted to officially replace the Cardinals with the Razorbacks. The "Hog Call," a loud, rhythmic chant mimicking the snort of a wild boar, further cemented the connection between the mascot and the passionate fanbase.

While the nickname solidified Arkansas' identity, the live mascot tradition wouldn't take root until the 1960s. Inspired by other universities with live mascots, Arkansas sought a suitable representative for the Razorback spirit. Enter Tusk I, a young Russian boar selected in 1997. Tusk I became a beloved fixture at games and campus events, embodying the power and tenacity associated with the Razorbacks.

Since Tusk I, a lineage of Russian boars has carried the torch. Each Tusk serves as a living ambassador for the university, attending games, visiting schools, and fostering a sense of community. The Tusk program prioritizes responsible animal care, ensuring these magnificent creatures are well-maintained and treated with respect.

The story of the Arkansas Razorbacks mascot is more than just the adoption of an animal. It's a testament to the power of student spirit, the influence of a captivating nickname, and the enduring connection between a university and its mascot. From the "wild band of Razorback hogs" to the current Tusk, the Razorbacks have carved out a unique identity in the world of college athletics, one that celebrates grit, determination, and a fierce love for the game.

The University of Tennessee athletics program boasts a rich tradition, strongly tied to the state's nickname, "The Volunteer State," and its iconic mascot, Smokey the Bluetick Coonhound. Understanding their intertwined history provides a deeper appreciation for the spirit of Tennessee athletics.

The "Volunteer State" moniker originated during the War of 1812. General Andrew Jackson, a Tennessean himself, led a massive contingent of over 1,500 volunteers from the state to fight the British at the Battle of New Orleans. This act of selfless service cemented the state's reputation for producing courageous volunteers. The spirit was further solidified during the Mexican-American War, where Tennessee, upon President James K. Polk's call, sent over 30,000 volunteers, significantly exceeding the requested number.

The University of Tennessee, established in 1794, adopted the "Volunteers" nickname sometime around 1892. The exact origin remains unclear, but it likely coincided with the rising prominence of the university's football program. Newspaper articles from the era occasionally referred to the Tennessee team as "the Volunteers." A definitive turning point came in 1902. After a thrilling victory over Georgia Tech, an Atlanta newspaper dubbed the Tennessee team "the Volunteers," solidifying the association between the university's athletics and the state's spirit.

The mascot story unfolded later. For decades, Tennessee lacked an official mascot. In 1953, a student contest aimed to change that. Blue Smokey, a Bluetick Coonhound, emerged victorious. The breed's hunting heritage resonated with the state's outdoorsman culture, and Blue Smokey's energetic personality perfectly embodied the spirit of Tennessee athletics. Over the years, multiple Bluetick Coonhounds have served as Smokey, each carrying on the tradition with enthusiasm.

Today, the Volunteers and Smokey remain inseparable symbols of University of Tennessee athletics. The "Rocky Top" fight song, with its references to "the smokey mountains rolling by," further strengthens the connection between the mascot, the nickname, and the state's identity. The spirit of volunteerism, courage, and unwavering determination continues to resonate with Tennessee fans, making the orange and white clad Volunteers a beloved force in college sports.

Texas A&M University, a storied institution known for its passionate fan base and rich traditions, boasts a unique nickname and a beloved canine mascot. Understanding their origins reveals a fascinating blend of agricultural heritage, military influence, and an accidental encounter with a loyal canine companion.

The moniker "Aggies" has its roots in the university's agricultural beginnings. Established in 1876 as the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, the focus on agricultural sciences led to students being called "Agricultural students," a mouthful quickly shortened to "Aggies" by 1893. This nickname stuck, becoming a badge of honor for students and alumni alike, symbolizing dedication to hard work and Aggie pride.

The arrival of Reveille, the university's iconic mascot, adds another layer to the A&M story. The year was 1931, and the details surrounding Reveille's arrival are shrouded in friendly competition. Several stories circulate, each claiming credit for rescuing a small, lost dog near campus. Regardless of her origin, the pup quickly captured the hearts of the cadets, who adopted her and named her "Reveille" after the bugle call that wakes them up each morning. When the dog began barking in response to the morning reveille, the connection solidified.

Reveille's presence proved fortuitous. During a football game that same year, she led the band onto the field at halftime, captivating the crowd. This spontaneous act cemented her status as a symbol of Aggie spirit. Over the years, Reveille has become much more than just a mascot. She is considered the "First Lady of Aggieland," a cherished tradition with a rich history. Each Reveille is a purebred Rough Collie, meticulously cared for by a team of nine mascot corporals, students who are part of the Corps of Cadets. These dedicated handlers ensure Reveille attends all football games, serves as a constant presence on campus, and embodies the Aggie spirit of loyalty and tradition.

The story of Texas A&M's "Aggies" nickname and Reveille's arrival is a testament to the university's unique culture. It blends agricultural roots with military discipline, all brought together by the unexpected arrival of a furry friend. Together, they represent the unyielding spirit, camaraderie, and unwavering pride that define Texas A&M University.

The iconic moniker “Crimson Tide” is synonymous with Alabama football, a name that evokes images of power, tradition, and dominance. Yet, the origins of this legendary name are rooted in a muddy, underdog tale.

In 1907, Alabama faced off against a heavily favored Auburn team in Birmingham. The iron-rich soil of the region transformed into a quagmire under the relentless downpour, dyeing the white jerseys of the Alabama players a deep crimson hue. As the underdogs battled through the treacherous conditions, they managed to hold Auburn to a tie, a feat that defied expectations.

It was then that sportswriter Hugh Roberts of the Birmingham Age-Herald penned a poetic description of Alabama’s performance. He likened the team to a relentless, crimson wave surging through the muddy field, overpowering their opponents. The phrase “Crimson Tide” was born, capturing the essence of Alabama’s gritty determination and unexpected triumph.

Elephant Stampede

The iconic image of an elephant has become synonymous with Alabama football, but its origins may surprise many. The story begins in 1930 when a sportswriter, struck by the sheer size and power of Alabama's offensive line, famously described them as "elephants." The comparison was apt; the linemen were massive, immovable forces that paved the way for their talented backs.

The nickname stuck, and soon the entire team was referred to as the "Crimson Tide Elephants." While the "elephants" part of the moniker eventually faded, the image of the powerful animal remained deeply ingrained in the Alabama football psyche. Over the years, live elephants made occasional appearances at games, further solidifying the connection. Eventually, the beloved costumed mascot, Big Al, was born, bringing the legendary elephant to life on the sidelines. Today, the elephant stands as a proud symbol of Alabama football, representing strength, power, and tradition.

The University of Mississippi, affectionately known as Ole Miss, boasts a rich athletic history intertwined with a complex mascot evolution. Their journey, from the unassuming "Greys" to the controversial Colonel Reb and the ongoing search for a permanent symbol, reflects changing social landscapes and the university's efforts to grapple with its past.

The origin of "Rebels" as the official athletic nickname is a straightforward story. In 1936, a student newspaper contest solicited suggestions, with "Rebels" emerging victorious. This moniker likely paid homage to the university's earlier athletic teams, known as the "University Greys," a reference to the Confederate soldiers' uniforms.

However, the mascot story took a more contentious turn with the introduction of Colonel Reb. The image, featuring a white-goateed, cane-wielding plantation owner, first appeared in the 1930s. While some saw Colonel Reb as a symbol of Southern pride, critics condemned the racist connotations associated with the imagery. This debate intensified over time, culminating in the mascot's official retirement in 2010. In its place a black bear named "Rebel" is the current mascot on the sidelines.

Following Colonel Reb's departure, Ole Miss entered a period of mascot flux. A black bear was unofficially adopted but never officially embraced by the fanbase. In 2017, a student vote favored the "Landshark," a satirical reference from a Saturday Night Live skit. However, this option lacked widespread support and failed to gain traction.

Today, Ole Miss remains without an official mascot. The "Ole Miss Rebels" nickname persists, a testament to its historical roots. Yet, the ongoing search continues. The ideal mascot should embody the university spirit – resilience, determination, and excellence – while remaining free from divisive connotations.

The Ole Miss mascot saga highlights the ever-evolving nature of collegiate mascots. They are more than just costumed figures; they serve as powerful symbols that resonate with fans and represent the university's identity. As Ole Miss continues its quest for a new mascot, it grapples with its past, aiming to strike a balance between tradition and inclusivity.

The Kentucky Wildcats mascot has a storied origin that reflects both the rich history of the University of Kentucky (UK) and the spirit of its athletic programs. The term "Wildcats" first emerged in the early 20th century as a nickname for the university's sports teams, but its precise origin remains somewhat debated.

One popular belief traces the nickname to a football game against Illinois in 1909, where a scrappy defensive play by Kentucky was likened to the "wildcats" of the local hills, known for their fierce and untamed nature. This comparison struck a chord with fans and media alike, and soon, the term "Wildcats" became synonymous with UK's athletic teams.

The official adoption of the Wildcats as Kentucky's mascot solidified over the years, becoming a symbol of the university's competitive spirit and tenacity. Throughout the decades, the Wildcats moniker has been embraced by students, alumni, and fans as a representation of pride and resilience in the face of competition.

In 1976, the university introduced a live mascot named "Wildcat" to enhance school spirit and foster a stronger connection between the team and its supporters. This live mascot tradition continues to this day, with a sleek and agile bobcat representing the fierce Wildcat spirit at various events and games.

Beyond athletics, the Wildcats mascot has become a unifying symbol for the entire University of Kentucky community. It embodies the values of perseverance, excellence, and camaraderie that define the university's academic and athletic endeavors.

In conclusion, the Kentucky Wildcats mascot is more than just a symbol—it is a testament to the university's rich sporting heritage and a rallying point for generations of students, alumni, and fans. Its origin story reflects a proud tradition of spirited competition and unwavering support that continues to thrive at the University of Kentucky today.